د. فرغلى هارون
المدير العـام
 عدد الرسائل : 3278
تاريخ التسجيل : 07/05/2008
 | | موضوع: Governing Social Security: economic crisis and reform in Indonesia, PhD 31/10/2010, 3:42 pm | |
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Governing Social Security: economic crisis and reform in Indonesia, the Philippines and Singapore
PhD, by Wisnu, Dinna
Doctor of Philosophy, Ohio State University, Political Science, 2007.
Pages: 386p.
1.74 MB PDF file
Abstract:
This study identifies that after 1997 financial crisis Indonesia, the Philippines and Singapore experienced different shifts in their structure of provision of social security benefits. The shifts vary on two important dimensions of social security provisions: the benefit level and the political control of the state over the private sector. In Indonesia there was a shift that eroded benefit level and strengthened the state’s political control over the private sector. In the Philippines there was a shift that improved benefit level and weakened state control over the private sector. Meanwhile in Singapore the shift improved benefit level yet at the expense of deeper penetration of state control over the private sector. What explains the variation in the shifts in the dimensions of social security provisions in Indonesia, the Philippines and Singapore after crisis? Such variation cannot be explained with the usual explanatory variables: fiscal constraints at the national level, the ranking of economies in the global competition, or the intervention of international financial institutions. This economic context after financial crisis only affect the degree of dramaticness of change proposed for the social security reform. Once the reform proposal is advanced, however, it was domestic politics that matter more.
The output is influenced by a compromise-building among employers, workers, state leaders and bureaucrats. More specifically, the reform outputs differ by the variation of the expectations of employers and workers on the conduciveness of the overall economy and the degree of relative intensity of symbiosis between bureaucrats of social security agencies and state leaders (low or relatively less political in leadership and management and high or relatively highly political in leadership and management). This study demonstrates the critical importance of social security reform to market governance. Beyond earlier study of market governance, which identifies the presence of initiative and active intervention of the state in leading the market, this study specifies three areas of market governance that the state leaders push through social security reform: the state autonomy vis-à-vis international pressure, the state control over worker-employer relations, and the overall sense of predictability for all stakeholders.
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